The effects of piracetam and its novel peptide analogue GVS-111 on neuronal voltage-gated calcium and potassium channels
With the use of the two-microelectrode voltage-clamp method, three types of voltage-activated ionic currents were examined in isolated neurons of the snail Helix pomatia: high-threshold Ca2+ current (ICa), high-threshold Ca(2+)-dependent K+ current (IK(Ca)) and high-threshold K+ current independent of Ca2+ (IK(V)). 2. The effect of bath application of the nootropics piracetam and a novel piracetam…
Neuroprotective effect of novel cognitive enhancer noopept on AD-related cellular model involves the attenuation of apoptosis and tau hyperphosphorylation
Abstract Background: Noopept (N-phenyl-acetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester) was constructed as a dipeptide analog of the standard cognition enhancer, piracetam. Our previous experiments have demonstrated the cognition restoring effect of noopept in several animal models of Alzheimer disease (AD). Noopept was also shown to prevent ionic disbalance, excitotoxicity, free radicals and pro-inflammatory cytokines accumulation, and neurotrophine deficit typical…
Anxiolytic Activity of Endogenous Nootropic Dipeptide Cycloprolylglycine in Elevated Plus-Maze Test
Abstract Testing in an elevated plus-maze revealed dose-dependent anxiolytic activity of piracetam analog cycloprolylglycine. Intraperitoneal injection of this agent (0.05 mg/kg) 9-fold prolonged the time spent in open arms compared to the control, without affecting the total motor activity. This effect was stereo-selective: D-enantiomer in doses of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg was inactive. Therefore, cycloprolylglycine…
How was Noopept developed?
Noopept was developed in 1996 by a Russian pharmaceutical company with the intention to treat cognitive decline related to aging. In the mid-1980s, they began their quest to find a powerful and stable nootropic that will be able to successfully reach the brain. Out of the many molecules they created, modified, and tested, only one…
Summary of Noopept
Noopept is the brand name for N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester, a synthetic nootropic molecule. Noopept has a similar effect to piracetam, in that it provides a mild cognitive boost after supplementation. Noopept also provides a subtle psychostimulatory effect. Noopept has a much lower standard dose than piracetam (10-30mg, compared to 4800mg), and it provides a general neuroprotective effect…